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old, and 22 were less than 18-12 boys and 10 girls.
Most of those deported had just been arrested in the Occupied Zone and sent to
Pithiviers. The youngest, Marie-Louise Warenbron (12) and Rebecca
Nowodworski (13), were taken with their
parents. They were both arrested in the Loiret.
With this transport,
Pithiviers and Beaune-la-Rolande, the Loiret camps, were emptied, in
preparation for the arrival of the 4,000 children and their parents who had
been arrested in the infamous Paris roundups of July 16 and17 and placed
temporarily in the Vélodrome d'Hiver – Vel d'Hiv – the large
indoor winter sports stadium in Paris.
Convoy 7, July 19, 1942 (Drancy) This was the first
convoy partly filled with Jews caught and arrested in the Vel d'Hiv roundup. It
also took some of those arrested in the July 15 roundup in Bordeaux (172);
women from the Parisian camp of Les Tourelles (47); and several hundred
interned at Drancy since August 1941. Sixty-one people on this convoy were
under 18; five of them were young girls. By age, the largest group were under
18, all born between 1924 and was between 43 and 54. There were 429 men in this
category, some of whom were deported with their children (39 of the total were
born in 1924). Of the 61 under 18, 57 were from Paris and the rest from
Bordeaux.
Convoy 8, July 20,
1942 (Angers) This was the only convoy organized by the Gestapo to go
directly to Auschwitz from the outlying areas of the Occupied Zone. It carried
824 deportees, some arrested by the German police and some brought to Angers
from such internment camps as Lalande, near Tours, and Poitiers. It was the
result of a broad sweep of Jews from the entire western part of France. Many
French Jews were included, contravening the July 2 Bousquet-Knochen accord
under which foreign-born Jews were to be substituted for French-born Jews in
filling deportation quotas. The Gestapo at Angers disregarded the accord.
The convoy was comprised of Jews from the western provinces of
Maine-et-Loire, Mayenne, Sarthe, Vienne, Indre-et-Loire, Loire-Atlantique,
Charente, and Ille-et Vilaine. One hundred twenty were under 18; 54 –
almost half – were born in France; and 54 were female. They were almost
all teenagers: 116 were born between 1924 and 1927, and three others in 1928.
The youngest was Iwan Angel, born February 23, 1940, to Turkish parents at
Saint-Nazaire. His family was among those arrested in Saint Nazaire, and he had
the ill-fated distinction of being the first baby from France deported to
Auschwitz.
Convoy 9, July 22,
1942 (Drancy) Forty-one of the 996 deportees on convoy 9 were under 18,
all born between 1924 and 1927. The German orders were strict: no deportees
under age 15, since Berlin had not yet decided to deport this age group. Just
over half (22) were girls. They all lived in or around Paris, but most were not
French born and were, in fact, selected because of their foreign birth. One was
born in Paris, 28 in Poland (17 in Warsaw), and 12 in Germany (6 in Berlin).
Convoy 10, July 24, 1942
(Drancy) This is the first convoy in which women outnumbered men, significantly
in this case, both
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FRENCH
CHILDREN OF THE HOLOCAUST A memorial
Serge Klarsfeld
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